- 觀點
- 2020年08月26 日
「美味又營養」的昆蟲類寵物食品會否在亞洲興起？
By Neo Chai Chin
Eco-Business助理編輯
利用昆蟲(例如黑水虻幼蟲)製造貓糧狗糧的寵物食品公司，正設法進軍亞洲市場。
目前至少有兩家歐洲初創企業開拓亞洲，一家總部位於新加坡並在馬來西亞開展業務的公司正尋求在今年第四季推出東南亞第一款昆蟲類狗糧。
昆蟲蛋白造成的碳足跡遠低於牛肉、雞肉或鮭魚，因為這種六條腿的生物主要以低級食物殘渣為飼，生長迅速，且不需要太多養殖空間。畜牧業是溫室氣體的主要來源，也是毀林的根本原因。雖然在新冠狀病毒(Covid-19)疫情期間，由於供應鏈中斷和家庭收入減少，導致肉類需求下降，但從長期來看，肉類需求預計將與全球人口同步增長，對生物多樣性和自然生態系統構成威脅。
歐洲公司Entoma Petfood的聯合創始人Rachel Cantet表示，昆蟲能夠提供豐富的蛋白質，與牛肉相比，生產一公斤昆蟲所消耗的飼料減少10倍，而所消耗的水則最多可減少15倍。
Entoma於2018年初成立及提供貓糧狗糧，目前在韓國擁有一家新分銷商，並正在亞洲尋找其他經銷商。
總部設在英國的Yora公司去年1月推出了狗糧，銷售和創新總監Will Bisset表示，本年迄今的銷售額已超過100萬英鎊(128萬美元)，並計劃明年推出貓糧。Yora目前在16個國家開展業務，最近與台灣、韓國和日本達成分銷協議。
Bisset稱，產品於8月在台灣和韓國上市，現已於日本銷售小型犬糧，並認為亞洲市場將像歐洲一樣樂於接受昆蟲作為寵物食品。
昆蟲類食品比上等牛排更好？
兩家公司均表示，寵物飼主最關心的是昆蟲類食品是否可口及富營養。Bisset稱：「寵物飼主擔心昆蟲類食品缺乏營養，但事實上它們比大多數傳統肉類更容易消化，而且不含抗生素或生長激素，傳統肉類通常含有這些物質」。
. 英國獸醫協會(British Veterinary Association)去年向英國廣播公司(BBC)表示，相比上等牛排，昆蟲類食品可能更適合寵物。協會主席Simon Doherty稍後解釋，儘管可以使用昆蟲補充蛋白，但短期內不太可能出現從牲畜類蛋白大規模轉至昆蟲類蛋白的趨勢。
Doherty稱：「對於那些希望為寵物提供『非牲畜類』飲食的飼主而言，昆蟲類蛋白被複合製成一種完整食品後，可取代自製素食或純素食，這不失為一個明智的選擇。這是因為自製素食或純素食通常會影響寵物健康和福祉，而昆蟲類食品可口且營養豐富，並具備生物可利用性。」
Bisset稱，寵物飼主亦擔心幼蟲的清潔問題。然而，這些昆蟲在現代化的設施中養殖，「比我去過的農場都要乾淨，這些昆蟲以水果和蔬菜副產品作飼料，並且在餵飼前會檢查它們是否含有殺蟲劑和其他化學物質」。Yora的黑水虻幼蟲由荷蘭高科技養殖公司Protix提供。
至於寵物狗是否喜歡Yora產品的味道，Bisset表示，該公司產品的「退貨率很低」。
Entoma公司的Cantet表示，昆蟲產品在食品業一直存在「噁心效應」，尤其是歐洲。她稱：「由於這是給寵物吃的，而且對健康和生態環境都有好處，因此寵物主人就會忘記『噁心效應』」。這對於有環保意識的寵物飼主而言更是如此。
Entoma使用的粉蟲產於奧地利，而黑水虻幼蟲產於荷蘭，其生產工廠位於法國和荷蘭。
東南亞首家昆蟲類寵物食品生產商
與此同時，總部位於新加坡的Protenga可能是東南亞第一家以昆蟲為原料的寵物食品生產商。
Protenga的創始人兼首席執行官Leo Wein表示，公司去年底首次向部分客戶推出寵物食品品牌YumGrubs，並計劃在今年聖誕期間之前全面推出，在寵物產品零售商等場所銷售狗糧。公司正在開發貓糧，但尚未確定上市日期。
這家初創企業最近獲得160萬美元的種子投資，投資方為英國農業科技公司Roslin Technologies和新加坡企業發展局的投資部門SEEDS Capital。
該公司正在馬來西亞柔佛州試運行一個商業設施，以集裝箱來飼養昆蟲，每月再透過這些昆蟲蛋白來製成水產飼料和狗糧。Wein表示，Protenga主要是一家昆蟲技術公司，其解決方案包括分散式的昆蟲養殖模塊，這些模塊可以設於生物質廢料(如棕櫚油副產品)的產生地附近。
亞洲的一些昆蟲類食品初創企業生產用作家禽或水產飼料的油份和蛋白粉，以及用於肥料的昆蟲糞便。另外一些公司則開發供人類消費的產品。
Wein表示，開發寵物食品有助Protenga提高知名度，並讓終端消費者了解食品的開發過程。他指出，與人類食品相比，寵物食品的監管限制更少，分銷渠道也不同。公司亦希望推出能讓消費者經常購買的產品。
昆蟲類寵物食品的價格處於中高檔市場水平，但是市場研究表明，隨著越來越多人將寵物視為家庭的一分子，並願意為寵物的健康花費，亞洲的寵物護理行業有望增長。
Wein稱：「並不是每個人都會成為顧客；一些狗飼主會斷然拒絕(昆蟲類狗糧)」。「但是這個市場不斷增長，這個憑直覺就知道符合情理…之後關於昆蟲類食品的話題將日益增加，亦會有相關數據及證據支持。」
本文由Eco-Business於2020年7月28日首次發表。本刊物中所表達為作者的觀點。這些觀點並不反映新加坡銀行或其附屬機構的意見或觀點。
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Investments in financial instruments or other products carry significant risk, including the possible loss of the principal amount invested. Financial instruments or other products denominated in a foreign currency are subject to exchange rate fluctuations, which may have an adverse effect on the price or value of an investment in such products. No liability is accepted by the Bank for any loss (whether direct, indirect or consequential) that may arise from any use of the information contained in or derived from this document. Past performance is not a guarantee or indication of future results. Any prices provided in this document (other than those that are identified as being historical) are indicative only and do not represent firm quotes as to either price or size. You should contact your local representative directly if you are interested in buying or selling any financial instrument or other product or pursuing any trading strategy, investment strategy or wealth planning structure that may be mentioned in this document.
While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the contents of this document have been obtained or derived from sources believed by the Bank and its Affiliates to be reliable, neither the Bank nor its Affiliates has independently verified the accuracy of such source(s). The Bank and its Affiliates and their respective officers, employees, agents and representatives do not make any express or implied representations, warranties or guarantees as to the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of the information, data or prevailing state of affairs that are mentioned in this document and do not accept any liability for any loss or damage whatsoever, direct or indirect, arising from or in connection with the use of the contents of this document.
The Bank and its Affiliates may have issued other reports, analyses, or other documents expressing views different from the contents hereof and all views expressed in all reports, analyses and documents are subject to change without notice. The Bank and its Affiliates reserve the right to act upon or use the contents hereof at any time, including before its publication herein.
The author of this document may have discussed the information contained therein with others within or outside the Bank and the author and/or such other Bank personnel may have already acted on the basis of this information (including communicating the information contained herein to other customers of the Bank). The Bank, its personnel (including those with whom the author may have consulted in the preparation of this communication), and other customers of the Bank may be long or short the financial instruments or other products referred to in this document, may have acquired such positions at prices and market conditions that are no longer available, and may have interests different from or adverse to your interests. The persons providing the information to you may receive commissions, fees, rebates or other non-monetary benefits from any counterparty, broker, agent or another affiliate of the OCBC Group or any other party in respect of any trades or transactions effected for you including in relation to the investments referred to herein.
Bank of Singapore Limited is a licensed bank regulated by the Monetary Authority of Singapore in Singapore. Bank of Singapore Limited, Hong Kong Branch, is an Authorized Institution as defined in the Banking Ordinance of Hong Kong (Cap 155), regulated by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority in Hong Kong and a Registered Institution as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance of Hong Kong (Cap.571) regulated by the Securities and Futures Commission in Hong Kong. Bank of Singapore Limited, its employees and discretionary accounts managed by its Singapore Office may have long or short positions or may be otherwise interested in any of the investment products (including derivatives thereof) referred to in this document and may from time to time dispose of any such investment products. Bank of Singapore Limited forms part of the OCBC Group (being for this purpose Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation Limited and its subsidiaries, related and affiliated companies). OCBC Group, their respective directors and/or employees (collectively “Related Persons”) may or might have in the future interests in the investment products or the issuers mentioned herein. Such interests include effecting transactions in such investment products, and providing broking, investment banking and other financial services to such issuers. OCBC Group and its Related Persons may also be related to, and receive fees from, providers of such investment products.
Bank of Singapore Limited adheres to a group policy (as revised and updated from time to time) that provides how entities in the OCBC Group manage or eliminate any actual or potential conflicts of interest which may impact the impartiality of research reports issued by any research analyst in the OCBC Group.
Past performance is not always indicative of likely or future results. The value of any investment or income may go down as well as up. All investments involve an element of risk, including capital loss. Customers who are interested to invest in such investment products should read the risk disclosures and governing terms and conditions that are set out in the relevant offering documents.
Dual currency investments, structured deposits and other investment products are not insured by the Singapore Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Hong Kong Deposit Protection Scheme.
Applicable to clients booked and/or managed in the Dubai International Financial Center (DIFC) only: The information contained herein is exclusively addressed to the recipient. The offering of certain products in this document has not been and will not be registered with the Central Bank of United Arab Emirates or Securities & Commodities Authority in the United Arab Emirates. Any products in this document that are being offered or sold do not constitute a public offering or distribution of securities under the applicable laws and regulations of the United Arab Emirates. This document is not intended for circulation or distribution in or into the UAE, other than to persons in the UAE to whom such circulation or distribution is permitted by, or is exempt from the requirements of, the applicable laws and regulations of the United Arab Emirates. The distribution of the information contained herein by the recipient is prohibited. Where applicable, this document relates to securities which are listed outside of the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange and the Dubai Financial Market. Bank of Singapore Limited is not authorized to provide investment research regarding securities listed on the exchanges of the United Arab Emirates which are outside of the DIFC.
Cross-Border Marketing
Hong Kong SAR: Bank of Singapore Limited is an Authorized Institution as defined in the Banking Ordinance of Hong Kong (Cap 155), regulated by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority in Hong Kong and a Registered Institution as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance of Hong Kong (Cap. 571), regulated by the Securities and Futures Commission in Hong Kong. This document is for information only and is not intended for anyone other than the recipient. It has not been reviewed by any regulatory authority in Hong Kong. It is not by itself an offer or a solicitation to deal in any of the financial products referred to herein or to enter into any legal relations, nor an advice or a recommendation with respect to such financial products. It does not have regard to the specific investment objectives, financial situation, investment experience and the particular needs of any recipient or Investor. This document may not be published, circulated, reproduced or distributed in whole or in part to any other person without the Bank’s prior written consent. This document is not intended for distribution to, publication or use by any person in any jurisdiction outside Hong Kong, or such other jurisdiction as the Bank may determine in its absolute discretion, where such distribution, publication or use would be contrary to applicable law or would subject the Bank and its related corporations, connected persons, associated persons and/or affiliates to any registration, licensing or other requirements within such jurisdiction. Indonesia: The offering of the investment product in reliance of this document is not registered under the Indonesian Capital Market Law and its implementing regulations, and is not intended to constitute a public offering of securities under the Indonesian Capital Market Law and its implementing regulations. According, this investment product may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, within Indonesia or to citizens (wherever they are domiciled or located), entities or residents, in any manner which constitutes a public offering of securities under the Indonesian Capital Market Law and its implementing regulations. Japan: The information contained in this document is for general reference purposes only. It does not have regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk tolerance and particular needs. Nothing in this document constitutes an offer to buy or sell or an invitation to offer to buy or sell or a recommendation or a solicitation to buy or sell any securities or investment. We do not have any intention of conducting regulated business in Japan. You acknowledge that nothing in this document constitutes investment or financial advice or any advice of any nature. Malaysia: Bank of Singapore Limited does not hold any licence, registration or approval to carry on any regulated business in Malaysia (including but not limited to any businesses regulated under the Capital Markets & Services Act 2007 of Malaysia), nor does it hold itself out as carrying on or purport to carry on any such business in Malaysia. Any services provided by Bank of Singapore Limited to residents of Malaysia are provided solely on an offshore basis from outside Malaysia, either as a result of “reverse enquiry” on the part of the Malaysian residents or where Bank of Singapore Limited has been retained outside Malaysia to provide such services. As an integral part of the provision of such services from outside Malaysia, Bank of Singapore Limited may from time to time make available to such residents documents and information making reference to capital markets products (for example, in connection with the provision of fund management or investment advisory services outside of Malaysia). Nothing in such documents or information is intended to be construed as or constitute the making available of, or an offer or invitation to subscribe for or purchase any such capital markets product. Myanmar: This document and information herein is made available by Bank of Singapore Limited, which is not licensed or registered under the Financial Institutions Law (Law No. 20/2016) or other Myanmar legislation to carry on, nor do they purport to carry on, any regulated activity in Myanmar. The provision of any products and services by Bank of Singapore Limited shall be solely on an offshore basis. You shall ensure that you have and will continue to be fully compliant with all applicable laws in Myanmar when entering into discussion or contracts with Bank of Singapore Limited. Oman: This document does not constitute a public offer of investment, securities or financial services in the Sultanate of Oman, as contemplated by the Commercial Companies Law of Oman (Royal Decree No. 4/1974), Banking Law of Oman (Royal Decree No. 114/2000) or the Capital Market Law of Oman (Royal Decree No. 80/1998) and the Executive Regulations of the Capital Market Law (Ministerial Decision No. 1/2009) or an offer to sell or the solicitation of any offer to buy non-Omani investment products, securities or financial services and products in the Sultanate of Oman. This document is strictly private and confidential. It is being provided to a limited number of sophisticated investors solely to enable them to decide whether or not to make an offer to invest in financial products mentioned in this document, outside of the Sultanate of Oman, upon the terms and subject to the restrictions set out herein and may not be reproduced or used for any other purpose or provided to any person other than the original recipient. Additionally, this document is not intended to lead to the making of any contract within the territory or under the laws of the Sultanate of Oman. The Capital Market Authority of Oman and the Central Bank of Oman take no responsibility for the accuracy of the statements and information contained in this document or for the performance of the financial products mentioned in this document nor shall they have any liability to any person for damage or loss resulting from reliance on any statement or information contained herein. Russia: The investment products mentioned in this document have not been registered with or approved by the local regulator of any country and are not publicly distributed in Singapore or elsewhere. This document does not constitute or form part of an offer or invitation to the public in any country to subscribe for the products referred to herein. South Korea: The document does not constitute an offer, solicitation or investment advertisement to trade in the investment product referred to in the document. Taiwan: The provision of the information and the offer of the service concerned herewith have not been and will not be registered with the Financial Supervisory Commission of Taiwan pursuant to relevant laws and regulations of Taiwan and may not be provided or offered in Taiwan or in circumstances which requires a prior registration or approval of the Financial Supervisory Commission of Taiwan. No person or entity in Taiwan has been authorised to provide the information and to offer the service in Taiwan. Thailand: Please note that neither Bank of Singapore Limited nor any other entities in the Bank of Singapore Limited’s group maintains any licences, authorisations or registrations in Thailand nor is any of the material and information contained, or the relevant securities or products specified herein approved or registered in Thailand. Interests in the relevant securities or products may not be offered or sold within Thailand. The attached information has been provided at your request for informational purposes only and shall not be copied or redistributed to any other person without the prior consent of Bank of Singapore Limited or its relevant entities and in no way constitutes an offer, solicitation, advertisement or advice of, or in relation to, the relevant securities or products by Bank of Singapore Limited or any other entities in Bank of Singapore Limited’s group in Thailand. The Philippines: The information contained in this document is not intended to constitute a public offering of securities under the Securities Regulation Code of the Philippines. Dubai International Financial Center (DIFC): Bank of Singapore Limited has a branch registered in the Dubai International Financial Centre ("DIFC") which is regulated by the Dubai Financial Services Authority (“DFSA”). Bank of Singapore Limited (DIFC Branch) is not a financial institution licensed in the United Arab Emirates outside of the DIFC and does not undertake banking or financial activities in the United Arab Emirates nor is it licensed to do so outside of the DIFC. This material is provided for information purposes only and it is general information not specific in any way to any particular investor, investor type, strategy, investment need or other financial circumstance. As such this information is not financial advice or a financial promotion, nor is it intended to influence an investor's decision to invest. It is not to be construed as an offer to buy or sell or solicitation of an offer to buy or sell any financial instruments or to participate in any particular trading strategy in any jurisdiction. The material is only intended for persons who fulfill the criteria to be classified as “Professional Clients” as defined under the DFSA rules and should not be reviewed, received, provided to or relied upon by any other person. United Arab Emirates (U.A.E): The information contained herein is exclusively addressed to the recipient. The offering of certain products in this document has not been and will not be registered with the Central Bank of United Arab Emirates or Securities & Commodities Authority in the United Arab Emirates. Any products in this document that are being offered or sold do not constitute a public offering or distribution of securities under the applicable laws and regulations of the United Arab Emirates. This document is not intended for circulation or distribution in or into the UAE, other than to persons in the UAE to whom such circulation or distribution is permitted by, or is exempt from the requirements of, the applicable laws and regulations of the United Arab Emirates. The distribution of the information contained herein by the recipient is prohibited. Where applicable, this document relates to securities which are listed outside of the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange and the Dubai Financial Market. The Bank of Singapore Limited is not authorized to provide investment research regarding securities listed on the exchanges of the United Arab Emirates which are outside of the DIFC. United Kingdom: In the United Kingdom, this document is being made available only to the person or the entity to whom it is directed being persons to whom it may lawfully be directed under applicable laws and regulations of the United Kingdom (such persons are hereinafter referred to as ‘relevant persons’). Accordingly, this document is communicated only to relevant persons. Persons who are not relevant persons must not act on or rely on this document or any of its contents. Any investment or investment activity to which this document relates is available only to relevant persons and will be engaged in only with relevant persons. Relevant persons in receipt of this document must not distribute, publish, reproduce, or disclose this document (in whole or in part) to any person who is not a relevant person. United States of America: This product may not be sold or offered within the United States or to U.S. persons.
Brunei: This document has not been delivered to, licensed or permitted by the Autoriti Monetari Brunei Darussalam, the authority as designated under the Brunei Darussalam Securities Markets Order, 2013 and the Banking Order, 2006; nor has it been registered with the Registrar of Companies, Registrar of International Business Companies or the Brunei Darussalam Ministry of Finance. The products mentioned in this document are not registered, licensed or permitted by the Autoriti Monetari Brunei Darussalam or by any other government agency or under any law in Brunei Darussalam. Any offers, acceptances, sales and allotments of the products shall be made outside Brunei Darussalam.
