Central bank

ECB Rate Hikes, Eurozone Risks

25 May 2022 • 3 mins read
ECB Rate Hikes, Eurozone Risks
  • The European Central Bank is set to lift interest rates from July after President Lagarde endorsed two 25bps hikes to raise its deposit rate from -0.50% to zero by the end of 3Q22.
  • We expect the ECB will also increase its deposit rate in 4Q22 by another 25bps to finish the year at 0.25% and continue hiking in 2023 each quarter until its deposit rate hits 1.00%.
  • The EUR has gained from Lagarde’s intention to end the ECB’s policy of negative interest rates that has been in place since 2014.
  • But the Eurozone remains at risk of a sharp slowdown from the war in Ukraine. Thus, this year’s slide in the EUR against the USD may still resume despite the ECB preparing to lift rates.

The European Central Bank is set to lift its -0.50% deposit rate by 25bps in July and by another 25bps in September to zero percent, thus ending its longstanding policy of negative interest rates.

Eurozone Inflation

Source: Bank of Singapore, Bloomberg.

Faced with 7.5% inflation as the first chart shows, President Lagarde said the ECB would end quantitative easing and ‘allow us a rate lift-off at our meeting in July … we are likely to be in a position to exit negative interest rates by the end of the third quarter.’ After reaching zero in 3Q22, we think the ECB will keep hiking each quarter by 25bps until its deposit rate hits 1.00% in 2023.

The EUR has gained on Lagarde’s remarks, rising to 1.07 against the USD after earlier in May hitting five-year lows of 1.0350 as the next chart shows.

Eurozone Assets

Source: Bank of Singapore, Bloomberg.

But the Eurozone remains at risk of a sharp slowdown from the war in Ukraine. The last chart shows May’s purchasing manager indices (PMIs). Eurozone activity is moderating owing to high energy prices, supply chain disruptions and weaker global demand. May’s composite PMI fell from 55.8 to 54.9. Moreover, sharply higher energy prices in the UK caused its composite PMI to plunge from 58.2 to 51.8 in May, showing how Eurozone sentiment is also likely to weaken sharply over the next few months.

Composite PMI, Eurozone & UK

Source: Bank of Singapore, Bloomberg.

Thus, we remain cautious on the Eurozone’s outlook in 2022 despite the ECB preparing to raise interest rates from July. This year’s slide in the EUR against the USD may still resume, pushing the single currency closer to parity again.

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Author:
Mansoor Mohi-uddin
Chief Economist
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